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Georgia · Licensing guide

How to become a private investigator in Georgia

Georgia has a structural quirk that trips up almost everyone: the PI license is issued to companies, not individuals. There is no solo PI license. That sounds like a barrier — but it actually creates one of the most accessible ways to start in the country, as a registered employee. Here's the honest, source-linked breakdown of both paths.

License at a glance
Licensed?
Yes — but company-issued, not individual. There is no solo PI license in Georgia.
Who issues it
Georgia Board of Private Detective & Security Agencies, under the Secretary of State.
License type
Company / agency license. You work either as a registered employee under a licensed agency, or by holding a company license yourself. O.C.G.A. Title 43, Chapter 38.
Lowest-barrier entry
Register as an employee under a licensed agency — no prior experience required, plus a 70-hour training course before you work.
Authority
GA SOS Board of Private Detective & Security Agencies · Board (478) 207-2440.

The two paths — this is the whole game

Because Georgia licenses companies, your route in depends on whether you work under someone else's agency or run your own. The two have completely different barriers — and conflating them is the #1 source of confusion.

1 · Registered employee

Work for a licensed agency. The Board requires no prior experience — you must be 18+, your employer registers you within 30 days of hire, and you complete a 70-hour Board-approved training course before you legally work.

Barrier The lowest in this guide set — no experience, no degree, no exam for registration.

2 · Your own agency

Hold the company license yourself. You qualify a designated license-holder, pass the state exam, and post a bond — the full bar below.

Barrier High — experience or a degree, the PSI exam, and a $25,000 bond (or an accepted alternative).

Path 1 — work as a registered employee

This is how most people start in Georgia, and it's genuinely accessible to career-changers.

What it takes
  • Be at least 18 years old.
  • Get hired by a licensed agency. Your employer registers you with the Board within 30 days of hire.
  • Complete a 70-hour Board-approved training course before you legally perform investigative work.
  • Pass a background check — GBI and FBI fingerprinting (via GAPS / IdentoGO).

No prior experience, no degree, and no state exam are required for employee registration — though the Board reserves the right to require an exam or interview. The 70-hour course is the real gate: complete it before working, not after.

Path 2 — open your own agency

To run your own Georgia investigations company, you qualify a designated license-holder against one of the following, then pass the exam and post a bond.

Qualify the license-holder (one of)
  • 2 years full-time experience as a registered PI employee with a licensed company.
  • 2 years of law-enforcement experience.
  • A four-year degree in criminal justice or a related field.

Exam. The designated license-holder passes the state exam, administered by PSI.

Bond or alternative. Post a $25,000 surety bond — or, as alternatives the Board accepts, $1,000,000 in general liability insurance, or audited net worth above $50,000.

Background. GBI + FBI fingerprint check.

The nuance that catches solo PIs: even if you intend to work entirely alone, Georgia has no individual-only license — you must form a company and hold the company license to operate independently. (Computer-forensics businesses fall under the same company-license requirement.)

What it costs (agency path)

Approximate and set by the Board — always confirm current amounts with the GA SOS Board. The employee path's only real costs are the 70-hour course and fingerprinting.

ItemCostNotes
Company license application$100Initial company-license application.
$25,000 surety bondPremium variesAlt: $1M general liability insurance, or audited net worth > $50,000.
70-hour training courseVaries by providerRequired for registered employees before working.
State exam (PSI)VariesFor the designated company license-holder.
Agency renewal$700 on-time / $800 lateRenew by June 30 of odd-numbered years.

Figures reflect the spec's verified Board amounts at build time; fingerprinting, exam, and training-provider fees vary. Confirm everything with the Board.

What a PI legally can & can't do

A license is not permission to break privacy law. Federal and state rules bind every investigator — and illegally obtained evidence is worthless to a client.

The legal frame

Generally allowed

  • Observe & record in public spaces
  • Research public records & databases (within the law)
  • Review public social media
  • Interview willing witnesses

Off-limits

  • Pull driver/vehicle data outside DPPA's permitted uses
  • Wiretap, hack, or access others' accounts
  • Trespass or place trackers unlawfully
  • Record where privacy is reasonably expected

The federal Driver's Privacy Protection Act (DPPA) limits who can access motor-vehicle records and why, and recording laws govern when you can capture a conversation. Georgia is a one-party-consent state for recordings, but the safe rule on any cross-state matter is the stricter standard. Before you record anyone or pull personal data, read our recording-consent guide.

Do you need an LLC to be a PI in Georgia?

Georgia is the one state in this set where the entity question is unavoidable — but the honest rule still holds: no state requires an LLC specifically to be a private investigator.

The precise version. If you work as a registered employee under someone else's licensed agency, you need no business entity at all.

The independent path is where Georgia is unusual: because the license is company-issued, to operate on your own you must hold a company license, which requires a registered business behind it. But that business can be an LLC or a corporation (and sometimes other structures) — the requirement is "a registered business entity," not "an LLC" specifically. Don't let anyone collapse those into "Georgia requires an LLC." It doesn't.

So an LLC is one common, sensible way to hold a Georgia investigations company — chosen for liability protection — but it's a choice of structure, not a licensing requirement. Our breakdown of when an LLC is actually worth it applies the same logic.

Income & market reality

Pay varies widely by specialty, experience, and region — treat any single figure with caution. Per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, private investigators nationally earn a median in roughly the high-$40,000s to low-$50,000s; Georgia's large Atlanta-metro legal and corporate market supports steady demand for background, litigation-support, and corporate work.

The bigger variable isn't the state average; it's whether you're a salaried agency employee or building toward your own company license and client base. For current figures, see the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook.

The official source

Georgia licensing authority

Georgia Board of Private Detective & Security Agencies, under the Secretary of State — the authority on Georgia PI licensing. Board: (478) 207-2440.

Official board page: sos.ga.gov/board-private-detective-and-security-agencies. Governing statute: O.C.G.A. Title 43, Chapter 38.

This guide is general information, not legal advice. Requirements change and individual situations vary — verify everything with the Board, and consult a Georgia attorney for advice specific to your circumstances. Smoothquill points you to the real authority; it doesn't replace it.

Next steps

Understand the work before the license

The license is the gate; the job is the point. See what investigators actually do day to day, then take the path that fits.

What investigators actually do Compare state requirements Private investigator hub